In general, T-rated tools are usually defined as "intended for steep ice." Think Viper, Cobra, Fusion, Reactor—tools for climbing waterfalls and mixed climbing. B-rated are usually defined as "Ice tools other than technical ice tools." These are more along the lines of piolets for mountaineering, etc. Think Raven, Raven with Grip, Raven Pro, Raven Ultra, Venom, etc.
It gets slightly more confusing because, over time, the ratings and requirements have slightly shifted, so now it is possible, and common, to buy an ice tool that has a T-rated shaft, but a B-rated pick as well as a tool with a B-rated shaft and a T-rated pick.
So what do all these ratings mean, and why are they different? For simplicity's sake, consider that all tools have to go through the same regimen of testing to be certified:
- 3-point bend test on the shaft (to simulate rappelling off an ice tool as a dead-man)
- Strength of head/shaft interface in use direction
- Strength of head/shaft interface perpendicular to "use direction"
- Torque test of pick
The difference between a shaft or pick attaining a rating is that the T-requirements are higher, so in general a T component is more durable and stronger.
So which tool and pick is right for the job? A lot of that is personal preference. For mountaineering, we recommend the Raven, Raven with Grip or Raven Pro; for ski mountaineering, perhaps the Raven Ultra. For a combination of mountaineering with some gully climbing or moderate vertical ice, the Venom is a really versatile tool.
For technical climbing one of our tech tools is the obvious choice: Cobra or Viper with leashes, Fusion or Reactor if you want to go leashless. T-picks are tougher and can take more abuse (Titan and Fusion). B picks (the Laser) are intended for steep ice, and generally perform really well but would be less durable, increasing the likelihood that they could bend or break. Your mileage may vary depending on competence and technique.